2017年7月5日水曜日

学習環境

解析入門 原書第3版 (S.ラング(著)、松坂 和夫(翻訳)、片山 孝次(翻訳)、岩波書店)の第2部(微分と基本的な関数)、第5章(平均値の定理)、3(増加・減少関数)、補充問題26、27、28.を取り組んでみる。


  1. f( x )= i=1 n ( a i x ) 2 f'( x )= i=1 n 2( a i x ) =2nx2 i=1 n a i 2nx2 i=1 n a i =0 x= i=1 n a i n

  2. 光源の高さをh、投射角をΘとする。

    cosθ= h h 2 + 25 2 f( h )= h h 2 + 25 2 · 1 h 2 + 25 2 = h ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 3 2 f'( x )= ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 3 2 h 3 2 ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 1 2 2h ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 3 = ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 3 2 3 h 2 ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 1 2 ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 3 ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 3 2 3 h 2 ( h 2 + 25 2 ) 1 2 =0 ( h 2 + 25 2 )3 h 2 =0 h 2 = 25 2 2 h= 25 2 ( m )

  3. 等脚の間の角をΘとする。

    0<θ<π 0< θ 2 < π 2 f( θ )= 1 3 π ( 60sin θ 2 ) 2 ( 60cos θ 2 ) f'( θ )= 60 3 3 π( 2( sin θ 2 )( cos θ 2 )· 1 2 ( cos θ 2 ) ( sin θ 2 ) 2 ( sin θ 2 ) 1 2 ) 2( sin θ 2 )( cos θ 2 )· 1 2 ( cos θ 2 ) ( sin θ 2 ) 2 ( sin θ 2 ) 1 2 =0 ( sin θ 2 )( 2 ( cos θ 2 ) 2 ( sin θ 2 ) 2 )=0 2 ( cos θ 2 ) 2 ( sin θ 2 ) 2 =0 2( 1 ( sin θ 2 ) 2 ) ( sin θ 2 ) 2 =0 ( sin θ 2 ) 2 = 2 3 sin θ 2 = 2 3 arcsin 2 3 = θ 2 θ=2arcsin 2 3
    tan θ 2 = 2 θ=2arctan 2

コード(Emacs)

Python 3

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from sympy import pprint, symbols, Derivative, solve, pi, sin, cos, Rational, Pow, asin, sqrt, atan, plot

print('28.')
x = symbols('x', positive=True)
f = Pow(sin(x / 2), 2) * cos(x / 2)
d = Derivative(f, x, 1)
pprint(d)
f1 = d.doit()
pprint(f1)

s = solve(f1, x)
pprint(s)

for x0 in s:
    if x0 < pi:
        pprint(x0)
        print(float(x0))
        print(float(2 * asin(sqrt(Rational(2, 3)))))
        print(float(2 * atan(sqrt(2))))
        p = plot(f, f.subs({x: x0}), (x, 0, pi), show=False)
        p.save('sample28.svg')

入出力結果(Terminal, IPython)

$ ./sample26.py
28.
d ⎛   2⎛x⎞    ⎛x⎞⎞
──⎜sin ⎜─⎟⋅cos⎜─⎟⎟
dx⎝    ⎝2⎠    ⎝2⎠⎠
     3⎛x⎞                 
  sin ⎜─⎟                 
      ⎝2⎠      ⎛x⎞    2⎛x⎞
- ─────── + sin⎜─⎟⋅cos ⎜─⎟
     2         ⎝2⎠     ⎝2⎠
⎡      ⎛  _________⎞        ⎛  ________⎞⎤
⎣4⋅atan⎝╲╱ -√3 + 2 ⎠, 4⋅atan⎝╲╱ √3 + 2 ⎠⎦
      ⎛  _________⎞
4⋅atan⎝╲╱ -√3 + 2 ⎠
1.9106332362490186
1.9106332362490186
1.9106332362490186
$

HTML5

<div id="graph0"></div>
<pre id="output0"></pre>
<label for="r0">r = </label>
<input id="r0" type="number" min="0" value="0.5">
<label for="dx">dx = </label>
<input id="dx" type="number" min="0" step="0.0001" value="0.001">
<br>
<label for="x1">x1 = </label>
<input id="x1" type="number" value="0">
<label for="x2">x2 = </label>
<input id="x2" type="number" value="25">
<br>
<label for="y1">y1 = </label>
<input id="y1" type="number" value="0">
<label for="y2">y2 = </label>
<input id="y2" type="number" value="0.001">
<br>
<label for="dx0">dx0 = </label>
<input id="dx0" type="number" min="0" value="0.5">

<button id="draw0">draw</button>
<button id="clear0">clear</button>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/4.2.6/d3.min.js" integrity="sha256-5idA201uSwHAROtCops7codXJ0vja+6wbBrZdQ6ETQc=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

<script src="sample26.js"></script>    

JavaScript

let div0 = document.querySelector('#graph0'),
    pre0 = document.querySelector('#output0'),
    width = 600,
    height = 600,
    padding = 50,
    btn0 = document.querySelector('#draw0'),
    btn1 = document.querySelector('#clear0'),
    input_r = document.querySelector('#r0'),
    input_dx = document.querySelector('#dx'),
    input_x1 = document.querySelector('#x1'),
    input_x2 = document.querySelector('#x2'),
    input_y1 = document.querySelector('#y1'),
    input_y2 = document.querySelector('#y2'),
    input_dx0 = document.querySelector('#dx0'),
    inputs = [input_r, input_dx, input_x1, input_x2, input_y1, input_y2,
              input_dx0],
    p = (x) => pre0.textContent += x + '\n',
    range = (start, end, step=1) => {
        let res = [];
        for (let i = start; i < end; i += step) {
            res.push(i);
        }
        return res;
    };

let f = (x) => x / (x ** 2 + 25 ** 2) ** (3 / 2),
    f1 = (x) =>
    ((x ** 2 + 25 ** 2) ** (3 / 2) -
     x * 3 / 2 * (x ** 2 + 25 ** 2) ** (1 / 2) * 2 * x) /
    (x ** 2 + 25 ** 2) ** 3,
    g = (x0) => (x) => f1(x0) * (x - x0) + f(x0);

let draw = () => {
    pre0.textContent = '';

    let r = parseFloat(input_r.value),
        dx = parseFloat(input_dx.value),
        x1 = parseFloat(input_x1.value),
        x2 = parseFloat(input_x2.value),
        y1 = parseFloat(input_y1.value),
        y2 = parseFloat(input_y2.value),
        dx0 = parseFloat(input_dx0.value);

    if (r === 0 || dx === 0 || x1 > x2 || y1 > y2) {
        return;
    }    

    let points = [],
        x3 = 25  / Math.sqrt(2),
        y3 = f(x3),
        lines = [[x3, y1, x3, y2, 'red'],
                 [x1, y3, x2, y3, 'red']],
        fns = [[f, 'green']],
        fns1 = [],
        fns2 = [[g, 'orange']];

    console.log(f(x3));
    fns
        .forEach((o) => {
            let [f, color] = o;
            for (let x = x1; x <= x2; x += dx) {
                let y = f(x);

                if (Math.abs(y) < Infinity) {
                    points.push([x, y, color]);
                }
            }
        });                 

    fns2
        .forEach((o) => {
            let [f, color] = o;

            for (let x = x1; x <= x2; x += dx0) {
                let g = f(x);
                lines.push([x1, g(x1), x2, g(x2), color]);
            }
        });
    
    let xscale = d3.scaleLinear()
        .domain([x1, x2])
        .range([padding, width - padding]);
    let yscale = d3.scaleLinear()
        .domain([y1, y2])
        .range([height - padding, padding]);

    let xaxis = d3.axisBottom().scale(xscale);
    let yaxis = d3.axisLeft().scale(yscale);
    div0.innerHTML = '';
    let svg = d3.select('#graph0')
        .append('svg')
        .attr('width', width)
        .attr('height', height);

    svg.selectAll('line')
        .data([[x1, 0, x2, 0], [0, y1, 0, y2]].concat(lines))
        .enter()
        .append('line')
        .attr('x1', (d) => xscale(d[0]))
        .attr('y1', (d) => yscale(d[1]))
        .attr('x2', (d) => xscale(d[2]))
        .attr('y2', (d) => yscale(d[3]))
        .attr('stroke', (d) => d[4] || 'black');

    svg.selectAll('circle')
        .data(points)
        .enter()
        .append('circle')
        .attr('cx', (d) => xscale(d[0]))
        .attr('cy', (d) => yscale(d[1]))
        .attr('r', r)
        .attr('fill', (d) => d[2] || 'green');

    svg.append('g')
        .attr('transform', `translate(0, ${height - padding})`)
        .call(xaxis);

    svg.append('g')
        .attr('transform', `translate(${padding}, 0)`)
        .call(yaxis);

    [fns, fns1, fns2].forEach((fs) => p(fs.join('\n')));
};

inputs.forEach((input) => input.onchange = draw);
btn0.onclick = draw;
btn1.onclick = () => pre0.textContent = '';
draw();








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